Photo Courtesy Nick Palmer
Chaga Mushroom Products
(Inonotus obliquus)
Chaga mushrooms (Inonotus obliquus) grow on birch trees in northern climates. Chaga looks like burl growth on the tree as seen in the pictures above and below. Emerald Castle Farms sources its raw chaga from responsible wildcrafters in the northern United States to ensure the products we offer are 100% pure. Chaga must be broken down in order to be used. The outer portion of the chaga mushroom (Sclerotium) is rough and very hard. Once dry, the inside is quite hard also, necessitating considerable effort to process the raw mushroom into usable particles.
Photo Courtesy Nick Palmer
Chaga from Emerald Castle Farms
"Brad, Your chaga extract is cleaner and seems to be stronger –more concentrated. The other brands I’ve tried have small chaga bits in them, taste slightly of alcohol and vaguely earthy. Your extract on the other hand, is full-bodied and has a bit of a licorice taste. I think yours is superior to the other brands I’ve tried. Kudos! After my latest blood draw, my doctor has decided that I’m no longer diabetic and my blood is not hypercoagulating like it was. I no longer have to take the blood thinners I was on. The doctor and I both believe this is because of the turkey tail and chaga extracts. I truly believe it is helping me." ~ T.M. |
The chaga we offer is 100% natural and includes the dark outter sclerotium to be sure you get all of the beneficial constituents this powerful medicinal mushroom has to offer. The raw chunks are dried, and then broken by hand into pieces which will fit into a crusher specially made for this purpose. After running through the crusher, the pieces are classified. The larger pieces are available as ‘Crushed’ chaga -about the size of a dime- and the remainder is processed into finer forms.
Crushed Chaga
Crushed Chaga -call to inquire |
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Standard Grind - call to inquire |
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For those who want the most out of their chaga, or want the easiest product to use, the Standard Grind goes through a second grinding process where the particle size is reduced by roughly half. This is our ‘Premium Grind’ chaga and is a fine 100% chaga powder ideally suitable for making smaller amounts of tea.
The small particle size of the Premium Grind chaga will also lend itself to better extractions. It stands to reason that the smaller the particle size the easier it is to leach out all of the active medicinal compounds from the particles.
Premium Grind
Premium Grind -call to inquire |
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We use both alcohol and water to extract the most beneficial substances from the raw material. Hence, a double extract. We first extract over time (at least a month) in alcohol. We then normally do three water extractions on the material after we remove the alcohol extract. The water extracts are then reduced to a similar volume as the alcohol extract. The alcohol and water extracts are then combined to provide a robust extract product that consists of approximately 25% alcohol by volume. After combining, the raw extract is then allowed to rest to remove unwanted sediments. The finished extract is then packaged in new bottles, labeled, and sealed to be tamper proof.
Posted to Facebook by a customer... "Just look at this! On the left is a Chaga extract from a very reputable company, and on the right is a Chaga extract crafted by Emerald Castle Farms. Just by looking at it, even an untrained eye can conclude that Emerald Castle Farms product is far superior. I am sure that I will find it to be superior after using regularly as well. I am so happy to have this in my everyday arsenal to help with my health conditions." |
Chaga Extract
Chaga Double Extract -call to inquire |
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About Chaga and its Benefits
Chaga has been recognized since the 16th century in the Baltic region and Russia as a valuable treatment for many ailments 34, 40. Traditionally, chaga has been considered high in nutritional and medicinal value 42 and commonly used to treat cancers 5, 12, 17, 29, 34, 40, 41, 42. Arata et al. (2016) suggests that chaga “extract could be used as a natural remedy for cancer suppression…” Chaga has been noted in scientific research as having been used traditionally to treat ailments in the following non-inclusive list:
AIDS 42
Cardiovascular disease 29, 42
Diabetes 29, 37, 41, 42
Gastritis 12, 34
Gastrointestinal cancer 29
Malignant tumors 5, 42
Tuberculosis 12, 34, 41
Ulcers 12, 34
Recent studies have shown positive results in vitro and in animal studies. Below are the specific areas noted in the studies where chaga shows positive effects. Keep in mind, this list is based only on the studies mentioned on this page and are listed in alphabetical order:
Analgesic –pain relief 29
Anti cancer 24, 28, 31, 42
Anti-allergic activity 38
Antibacterial activity 21
Anti-inflammatory 20, 29, 33
Antimicrobial activity 15, 21
Anti-mutagenic activity 6
Antioxidant activity 4, 6, 7, 8, 15, 31, 36
Antiplatelet effects 9
Anti-quorum sensing 5
Antiviral effects 26, 31
Cervical adenocarcinoma 3, 41
Cholesterol 32
Cognition enhancing 4
Diabetes 10, 32, 36, 37
DNA damage 22, 27
Dyslipidemia 10
Free radicals 8, 18, 36
Hepatoprotective activity 7
Herpes simplex 26, 30
Human Breast adenocarcinoma 3, 21
Human colon cancer 8, 11, 16, 17, 19
Human liver cancer 39
Human lung carcinoma 3, 19, 21
Human skin fibroblasts 19
Immune enhancer during chemotherapy 13
Immunomodulating 2, 13, 14, 31
Increased endurance 35
Infectious disease protection 5, 31
Inflammatory bowel disease 20
Memory and learning 4
Reduces toxicity of radiation 42
Skin cancer (Melanoma) 40
Stomach adenocarcinoma 3
Tumor suppression 1, 5, 23, 31, 34, 39, 41
Please keep in mind that I am not making any claims of any kind. These statements have not been evaluated by the Food & Drug Administration. These products are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. I am only sharing my research with you -which is referenced here on the page.
Lemieszek et al. (2011) noted that chaga has been used for cleansing and disinfecting, and as treatment for stomach diseases, intestinal worms, liver and heart ailments, and for cancer. Chaga constituents are recognized scientifically as possessing diuretic (5) antibacterial, antiallergic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties (10) among others. Najafzadeh, Reynolds, Baumgartner, Jerwood, & Anderson (2007) recognized and noted “chaga extract could be a possible valuable supplement to inhibit oxidative stress in general.” One of the surprising things to me is the protective and preventative action of chaga against various cancers noted in a fair number of the studies. In other words, in many of these studies, the chaga components being tested protected healthy cells, slowed the growth of bad cells, encouraged the immune system to recognize bad cells and even directly caused the death of the bad cells. What more could one ask for?
Among the research on chaga I’ve included on this page, there seems to be a common understanding of the medicinal and healing properties of chaga mushroom. By no means did I do exhaustive research on the literature. However, I have provided what I could go through in a day. Please read the comments I’ve included on each of the scientific studies I’ve used as references. For instance, the comments under the first reference Arata et al. (2016) reference the researchers observing a 60% tumor reduction and noting that chaga “extract could be used as a natural remedy for cancer suppression.” Or, Pan et al. (2013) who found chaga extract to act positively against herpes simplex virus.
An important note is that there is little chaga research done on human subjects. Most of the research represented on this page was done in vitro (in a Petri dish) or on animals. I am not making any claims of any kind. These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. These products are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any diseases. I am only presenting scientific research and encouraging you to do your own homework and come to your own independent conclusions. I’ve tried to only make it easier for you. All of these articles can be looked up online. Start with pasting the title into Google Scholar. (scholar.google.com)
As with anything, moderation and caution should be considered. Because of the hypoglycemic (anti diabetic) properties of chaga, you would always consult a doctor before using chaga if you are taking medications to control diabetes or blood sugar. Likewise, chaga possesses an antiplatelet effect and might interact with anticoagulant drugs. Although I’ve been unable to obtain the full journal article at this point, Kikuchi et al. (2014) noted a case of a 72 year old woman with advanced liver cancer who was ingesting 4-5 teaspoons of chaga powder per day for six months. The women developed renal failure. It is unclear to me if the chaga ingestion was blamed or only possibly contributory to this condition. This is the only negative case involving chaga that I’ve found.
Here are a few websites with additional information:
Chagaknowledge.com
Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
Price-Pottenger Journal of Health and Healing
Some Scientific Studies and References
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Arata, S., Watanabe, J., Maeda, M., Yamamoto, M., Matsuhashi, H., Mochizuki, M., ... & Inagaki, M. (2016). Continuous intake of the Chaga mushroom (Inonotus obliquus) aqueous extract suppresses cancer progression and maintains body temperature in mice. Heliyon, 2(5), e00111.
Significant tumor suppressive effects were observed. Mice showed 60% tumor reduction and metastatic mice showed nodules decreased by 25% compared to the control group.
“L. obliquus [chaga] extract could be used as a natural remedy for cancer suppression”
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Caifa Chen, W. Z., Gao, X., & Xiang, X. (2007). Aqueous extract of Inonotus obliquus (Fr.) Pilát (Hymenochaetaceae) significantly inhibits the growth of sarcoma 180 by inducing apoptosis. Am J Pharmacol Toxicol, 2(1), 10-17.
Exert immunomodulating activities, allowing immune cells to recognize cancer cells as a threat
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Chung, M. J., Chung, C. K., Jeong, Y., & Ham, S. S. (2010). Anticancer activity of subfractions containing pure compounds of Chaga mushroom (Inonotus obliquus) extract in human cancer cells and in Balbc/c mice bearing Sarcoma-180 cells. Nutrition research and practice, 4(3), 177-182.
In testing against human lung carcinoma, stomach adenocarcinoma, breast adenocarcinoma, and cervical adenocarcinoma cells, extracts from chaga showed “significant cytotoxic activity against the selected cancer cells lines in vitro.” In vivo, the compounds significantly decreased tumor volume in mice by up to 33.7%.
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Giridharan, V. V., Thandavarayan, R. A., & Konishi, T. (2011). Amelioration of scopolamine induced cognitive dysfunction and oxidative stress by Inonotus obliquus–a medicinal mushroom. Food & function, 2(6), 320-327.
Cognition-enhancing and antioxidant activity. Chaga produced beneficial effects on learning and memory in animals.
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Glamoclija, J., Ciric, A., Nikolic, M., Fernandes, Â., Barros, L., Calhelha, R. C., ... & Van Griensven, L. J. (2015). Chemical characterization and biological activity of Chaga (Inonotus obliquus), a medicinal “mushroom”.Journal of ethnopharmacology, 162, 323-332.
Demonstrated antitumor effects, and high antioxidant and antimicrobial activity
Anti-quorum sensing activity “suggests broader anti-infectious disease protection than only immunomodulatory effects”
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Ham, S. S., Kim, S. H., Moon, S. Y., Chung, M. J., Cui, C. B., Han, E. K., ... & Choe, M. (2009). Antimutagenic effects of subfractions of Chaga mushroom (Inonotus obliquus) extract. Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis, 672(1), 55-59.
Has demonstrated anti-mutagenic and anti-oxidative activities
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Hong, K. B., Noh, D. O., Park, Y., & Suh, H. J. (2015). Hepatoprotective Activity of Water Extracts from Chaga Medicinal Mushroom, Inonotus obliquus (Higher Basidiomycetes) Against Tert-Butyl Hydroperoxide- Induced Oxidative Liver Injury in Primary Cultured Rat Hepatocytes.International journal of medicinal mushrooms, 17(11).
Chaga water extract showed hepatoprotective activity (protects the liver) against oxidative injury.
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Hu, H., Zhang, Z., Lei, Z., Yang, Y., & Sugiura, N. (2009). Comparative study of antioxidant activity and antiproliferative effect of hot water and ethanol extracts from the mushroom Inonotus obliquus. Journal of bioscience and bioengineering, 107(1), 42-48.
Ethanol extracts showed strongest antioxidant activity and antiproliferative effects on human colon cancer cells resulting in cell death.
Hot water extract at 158 degrees F showed strongest radical-scavenging activity.
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Hyun, K. W., Jeong, S. C., Lee, D. H., Park, J. S., & Lee, J. S. (2006). Isolation and characterization of a novel platelet aggregation inhibitory peptide from the medicinal mushroom, Inonotus obliquus. Peptides, 27(6), 1173-1178.
Demonstrated antiplatelet effects and may interact with anticoagulant drugs
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Joo, J. I., Kim, D. H., & Yun, J. W. (2010). Extract of Chaga mushroom (Inonotus obliquus) stimulates 3t3-l1 adipocyte differentiation. Phytotherapy Research, 24(11), 1592-1599.
Chaga water extract showed positive activities in dyslipidemia (condition related to atherosclerosis) and type two diabetes.
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Kang, J. H., Jang, J. E., Mishra, S. K., Lee, H. J., Nho, C. W., Shin, D., ... & Oh, S. H. (2015). Ergosterol peroxide from Chaga mushroom (Inonotus obliquus) exhibits anti-cancer activity by down-regulation of the ß-catenin pathway in colorectal cancer. Journal of ethnopharmacology, 173, 303-312.
Inhibitory and proapoptotic (causing cell death) effects against colon cancer
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Kikuchi, Y., Seta, K., Ogawa, Y., Takayama, T., Nagata, M., Taguchi, T., & Yahata, K. (2014). Chaga mushroom-induced oxalate nephropathy. Clinical nephrology, 81(6), 440-444.
High oxalate concentration in chaga believe to have possible connection to renal failure in 72yo woman with liver cancer who was ingesting 4-5 teaspoons of chaga powder per day for six months
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Kim, Y. R. (2005). Immunomodulatory activity of the water extract from medicinal mushroom Inonotus obliquus. Mycobiology, 33(3), 158-162.
Strongly suggests aqueous extract of chaga as an immune enhancer during chemotherapy
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Ko, S. K., Jin, M., & Pyo, M. Y. (2011). Inonotus obliquus extracts suppress antigen-specific IgE production through the modulation of Th1/Th2 cytokines in ovalbumin-sensitized mice. Journal of ethnopharmacology, 137(3), 1077-1082.
Demonstrated immunomodulating properties by antigen-specific antibody production
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Kozarski, M., Klaus, A., Jakovljevic, D., Todorovic, N., Vunduk, J., Petrovic, P., ... & van Griensven, L. (2015). Antioxidants of edible mushrooms.Molecules, 20(10), 19489-19525.
Extracts show high antioxidant and antimicrobial activity
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Lee, S. H., Hwang, H. S., & Yun, J. W. (2009). Antitumor activity of water extract of a mushroom, Inonotus obliquus, against HT-29 human colon cancer cells. Phytotherapy Research, 23(12), 1784-1789.
Hot water extract shows inhibitory and proapoptotic (causing cell death) effects against colon cancer
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Lee, H. S., Kim, E. J., Kim, S. H., Cho, J. A., Park, E., Ahn, J. H., ... & Yokozawa, T. Ethanol extract of Innotus obliquus (Chaga mushroom) induces G1 cell cycle arrest in HT-29 human colon cancer cells.
Inhibitory and proapoptotic (causing cell death) effects against colon cancer
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Lee, I. K., Kim, Y. S., Jang, Y. W., Jung, J. Y., & Yun, B. S. (2007). New antioxidant polyphenols from the medicinal mushroom Inonotus obliquus.Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters, 17(24), 6678-6681.
Chaga compounds exhibited significant free radical scavenging activity against ABTS and DPPH radicals and moderate activity against the superoxide radical anion.
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Lemieszek, M. K., Langner, E., Kaczor, J., Kandefer-Szerszen, M., Sanecka, B., Mazurkiewicz, W., & Rzeski, W. (2011). Anticancer effects of fraction isolated from fruiting bodies of Chaga medicinal mushroom, Inonotus obliquus (Pers.: Fr.) Pilát (Aphyllophoromycetideae): in vitro studies.International journal of medicinal mushrooms, 13(2).
Extracts of chaga tested in vitro on human lung carcinoma, colon adenocarcinoma, human skin fibroblasts, among others, showed low to no toxicity to normal cells and otherwise showed anticancer effects.
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Mishra, S. K., Kang, J. H., Kim, D. K., Oh, S. H., & Kim, M. K. (2012). Orally administered aqueous extract of Inonotus obliquus ameliorates acute inflammation in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice. Journal of ethnopharmacology, 143(2), 524-532.
Anti-inflammatory –particularly in cases of inflammatory bowel disease.
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Nagajyothi, P. C., Sreekanth, T. V. M., Lee, J. I., & Lee, K. D. (2014). Mycosynthesis: antibacterial, antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of silver nanoparticles synthesized from Inonotus obliquus (Chaga mushroom) extract. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology, 130, 299-304.
Synthesized compounds (silver nanoparticles) from chaga extract showed considerably high antibacterial and antiproliferative activity against bacterial strains and cell lines of human lung cancer and human breast cancer.
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Najafzadeh, M., Reynolds, P. D., Baumgartner, A., Jerwood, D., & Anderson, D. (2007). Chaga mushroom extract inhibits oxidative DNA damage in lymphocytes of patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Biofactors, 31(3, 4), 191-200.
Free radicals and reduced antioxidant levels can cause oxidative stress (in peripheral lymphocytes) leading to (with other causes) inflammatory bowel disease. In the study they used samples from 20 patients with IBD and 20 healthy controls. “Chaga supplementation resulted in a 54.9% reduction of DNA damage in the patients and 34.9% reduction in the control group.
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Nakajima, Y., Nishida, H., Matsugo, S., & Konishi, T. (2009). Cancer cell cytotoxicity of extracts and small phenolic compounds from Chaga [Inonotus obliquus (Persoon) Pilat]. Journal of medicinal food, 12(3), 501-507.
Chaga extracts showed high cytotoxicity against tumor cells.
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Nikitina, S. A., Khabibrakhmanova, V. R., & Sysoeva, M. A. (2016). [Composition and biological activity of triterpenes and steroids from Inonotus obliquus (chaga)]. Biomedit?s?inskai?a? khimii?a?, 62(4), 369.
Research has shown chaga components to be inhibitive of various cancer cell lines
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Ning, X., Luo, Q., Li, C., Ding, Z., Pang, J., & Zhao, C. (2014). Inhibitory Effects of a Polysaccharide Extract from the Chaga Medicinal Mushroom, Inonotus obliquus (Higher Basidiomycetes), on the Proliferation of Human Neurogliocytoma Cells. International journal of medicinal mushrooms, 16(1).
Demonstrated ability to inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells
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Pan, H. H., Yu, X. T., Li, T., Wu, H. L., Jiao, C. W., Cai, M. H., ... & Peng, T. (2013). Aqueous extract from a Chaga medicinal mushroom, Inonotus obliquus (higher basidiomyetes), prevents herpes simplex virus entry through inhibition of viral-induced membrane fusion. International journal of medicinal mushrooms, 15(1).
Demonstrated antiviral effects and was effective in reducing herpes simplex virus infection at an early stage
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Park, Y. K., Lee, H. B., Jeon, E. J., Jung, H. S., & Kang, M. H. (2004). Chaga mushroom extract inhibits oxidative DNA damage in human lymphocytes as assessed by comet assay. Biofactors, 21(1-4), 109-112.
“Cells pretreated with chaga extract showed over 40% reduction in DNA fragmentation compared with the positive control.” This suggests chaga can help protect DNA cells from damage by substances within the body.
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Park, J. R., Park, J. S., Jo, E. H., Hwang, J. W., Kim, S. J., Ra, J. C., ... & Kang, K. S. (2006). Reversal of the TPA-induced inhibition of gap junctional intercellular communication by Chaga mushroom (Inonotus obliquus) extracts: effects on MAP kinases. Biofactors, 27(1-4), 147-155.
Chaga acts as a natural anticancer substance
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Park, Y. M., Won, J. H., Kim, Y. H., Choi, J. W., Park, H. J., & Lee, K. T. (2005). In vivo and in vitro anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive effects of the methanol extract of Inonotus obliquus. Journal of Ethnopharmacology,101(1), 120-128.
Has demonstrated analgesic effects
Has demonstrated anti-inflammatory and pain-relieving properties
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Polkovnikova, M. V., Nosik, N. N., Garaev, T. M., Kondrashina, N. G., Finogenova, M. P., & Shibnev, V. A. (2013). [A study of the antiherpetic activity of the chaga mushroom (Inonotus obliquus) extracts in the Vero cells infected with the herpes simplex virus]. Voprosy virusologii, 59(2), 45-48.
Chaga extracts demonstrative protective effects of normal cells from herpes simplex virus
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Song, F. Q., Liu, Y., Kong, X. S., Chang, W., & Song, G. (2013). Progress on understanding the anticancer mechanisms of medicinal mushroom: Inonotus obliquus. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, 14(3), 1571-1578.
Among the compounds in chaga are active components for antioxidant, antitumoral, and antiviral activities and for improving human immunity against infection of pathogenic microbes.
Chaga constituents can affect cancer cells in three ways, by directly arresting and then causing cell death, indirectly by stimulating the immune system, and through antioxidative ability preventing the generation of cancer cells.
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Sun, J. E., Ao, Z. H., Lu, Z. M., Xu, H. Y., Zhang, X. M., Dou, W. F., & Xu, Z. H. (2008). Antihyperglycemic and antilipidperoxidative effects of dry matter of culture broth of Inonotus obliquus in submerged culture on normal and alloxan-diabetes mice. Journal of ethnopharmacology, 118(1), 7-13.
Hypoglycemic effects in mice with diabetes mellitus
In diabetic mice, reduced blood glucose levels, serum content of free fatty acid, total cholesterol, triglyceride and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol. Increased high density lipoprotein-cholesterol, insulin level and hepatic glycogen in the liver of the diabetic mice.
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Van, Q., Nayak, B. N., Reimer, M., Jones, P. J. H., Fulcher, R. G., & Rempel, C. B. (2009). Anti-inflammatory effect of Inonotus obliquus, Polygala senega L., and Viburnum trilobum in a cell screening assay. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 125(3), 487-493.
Chaga extracts showed anti-inflammatory properties
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Wang, Q., Mu, H., Zhang, L., Dong, D., Zhang, W., & Duan, J. (2015). Characterization of two water-soluble lignin metabolites with antiproliferative activities from Inonotus obliquus. International journal of biological macromolecules, 74, 507-514.
Hot water extract shows anti-tumor activity with inhibition and apoptosis
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Xiuhong, Z., Yue, Z., Shuyan, Y., & Zhonghua, Z. (2015). Effect of inonotus obliquus polysaccharides on physical fatigue in mice. Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 35(4), 468-472.
Increased exercise endurance, glycogen content of liver and muscle, and biological measures related to fatigue in mice while decreasing lactic acid and serum urea nitrogen levels in the blood. No toxic effects on the major organs were observed.
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Xu, H. Y., Sun, J. E., Lu, Z. M., Zhang, X. M., Dou, W. F., & Xu, Z. H. (2010). Beneficial effects of the ethanol extract from the dry matter of a culture broth of Inonotus obliquus in submerged culture on the antioxidant defence system and regeneration of pancreatic ß-cells in experimental diabetes in mice. Natural product research, 24(6), 542-553.
Ethanol extract showed antihyperglycaemic, antilipidperoxidative and antioxidant effects in diabetic mice.
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Ying, Y. M., Zhang, L. Y., Zhang, X., Bai, H. B., Liang, D. E., Ma, L. F., ... & Zhan, Z. J. (2014). Terpenoids with alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity from the submerged culture of Inonotus obliquus. Phytochemistry, 108, 171-176.
Demonstrated antidiabetic (anti-hyperglycemic), effects (inhibit alpha-glucosidase) –may interact with antidiabetic drugs
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Yoon, T. J., Lee, S. J., Kim, E. Y., Cho, E. H., Kang, T. B., Yu, K. W., & Suh, H. J. (2013). Inhibitory effect of chaga mushroom extract on compound 48/80-induced anaphylactic shock and IgE production in mice. International immunopharmacology, 15(4), 666-670.
Anti-allergic activity. Inhibited systemic anaphylactic shock in mice. Increased Th1 responses (cell mediated immunity and phagocyte-dependent protective responses).
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Youn, M. J., Kim, J. K., Park, S. Y., Kim, Y., Kim, S. J., Lee, J. S., ... & Kim, K. Y. (2008). Chaga mushroom (Inonotus obliquus) induces G0/G1 arrest and apoptosis in human hepatoma HepG2 cells. World journal of gastroenterology: WJG, 14(4), 511.
Has inhibitory and proapoptotic effects against hepatoma (liver cancer)
Causes death of tumor cells without harming healthy cells
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Youn, M. J., Kim, J. K., Park, S. Y., Kim, Y., Park, C., Kim, E. S., ... & Park, R. (2009). Potential anticancer properties of the water extract of Inontus obliquus by induction of apoptosis in melanoma B16-F10 cells.Journal of ethnopharmacology, 121(2), 221-228.
Water extract showed anticancer activity (inhibition of proliferation, induction of differentiation [retards its development], and apoptosis) against melanoma cell growth in animal models
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Zhao, L. W., Zhong, X. H., Yang, S. Y., Zhang, Y. Z., & Yang, N. J. (2013). Inotodiol inhabits proliferation and induces apoptosis through modulating expression of cyclinE, p27, bcl-2, and bax in human cervical cancer HeLa cells. Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention: APJCP, 15(7), 3195-3199.
Components of chaga (the triterpenoid inotodial) showed antitumor effects against cervical cancer cells by inhibiting proliferation and causing apoptosis.
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Zhong, X. H., Ren, K., Lu, S. J., Yang, S. Y., & Sun, D. Z. (2009). Progress of research on Inonotus obliquus. Chinese journal of integrative medicine,15, 156-160.
Reduces toxicity associated with radiation
“…has high nutritional and medicinal value, especially in treating malignant tumors, diabetes, cardiovascular disease and AIDS…”
Please...do your own research before using!
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Emerald Castle Farms
5482 St Rt 19
Galion, Ohio 44833
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